The Fund supports networks of state health policy decision makers to help identify, inspire, and inform policy leaders.
The Milbank Memorial Fund supports networks of state officials, advocates, and others aiming to invest in and transform primary care.
The Peterson-Milbank Program for Sustainable Health Care Costs advances state-based efforts to make health care more affordable for residents, employers, and states. The program provides technical assistance through Bailit Health to states that are developing targets for per-capita trends in total health care spending statewide. Further, the program helps participating states analyze and collaboratively address the underlying drivers of cost growth. The participating states are Connecticut, Nevada, New Jersey, Oregon, Rhode Island, and Washington. (Click or tap to see a profile of each state’s initiative.)
The Milbank Memorial Fund supports two state leadership programs for legislative and executive branch state government officials committed to improving population health.
The Emerging Leaders Program (ELP) seeks to develop practical, hands-on leadership skills to enhance health policy and management abilities and knowledge. Developed in 2015 by the Fund and its Reforming States Group (RSG), the program is designed to bring together individuals from the executive and legislative branches of state government to develop skills that will enhance their effectiveness as leaders in addressing the challenges of today’s complex health policy environment. Modeled after the RSG, the ELP fosters the same type of learning and networking experience for young leaders around the country. Taught by expert trainers and policymakers, the program helps participants address the challenges and opportunities in today’s increasingly complex health policy environment. It also provides a unique opportunity to build a network of colleagues from across the country who share the goal of improving population health. To participate, individuals are nominated by state health policy leaders from the RSG.
Throughout the year-long program, Milbank Fellows will participate in two highly interactive in-person meetings and a series of virtual learning events. Fellows will have access to individualized technical assistance for themselves and their senior teams on areas of interest in addition to a library of population health and public sector leadership resources. Through the program, Fellows will:
The focuses on creating an affordable health care system built on strong primary care and partnerships that improve health outcomes for all.
The Milbank Memorial Fund aims to identify, inform and inspire current and future state health policy leaders to enhance their effectiveness. In an effort to inform and inspire, we offer publications that show how and why state leaders accomplished a policy or practice change that will lead to improved health. Along with our partner, the Center for Evidence-based Policy at Oregon Health & Science University, a national leader in evidence-based decision making and policy design, we also offer several tools for policymakers, such as state technical assistance.
Good primary care is essential to improving population health. The Milbank Memorial Fund approaches strengthening primary care from two angles: 1) increasing primary care investment, and 2) improving primary care delivery with payment reform that is coordinated across all payers. Research shows that an underinvestment in primary care is one of several reasons why the US health care system yields poorer population health outcomes than other countries. The Milbank Memorial Fund is supporting policymakers who want to learn more about and use primary care spending measures to gauge the level of primary care investment overall and by major payer group. Measure primary care spending, or the portion of health care dollars that go to primary care, is one way to establish how strongly a state is committed to primary care. Practical steps toward generating statewide primary care spending measures include determining how to define primary care, how to collect and analyze the necessary data, and what policy levers need to be in place to implement the measure. The Milbank Memorial Fund also supports multipayer primary care transformation. Our Multipayer Primary Care Network is a forum for payers and other stakeholders to share data, participate in collaborative learning, and advocate for improved collaboration between the states and the federal government on new and ongoing primary care initiatives.
Keep up with news and updates from the Milbank Memorial Fund. And read the latest posts from our staff and guest authors.
Short takes on state health policy
Insights from Milbank President Debra Lubar.
Reported articles and Milbank updates
Webinars with health researchers and policymakers
The Milbank Memorial Fund is an endowed operating foundation that aims to improve population health by connecting leaders and decision makers with the best available evidence and experience. It does this work by:
The Fund publishes <i>The Milbank Quarterly</i>, as well as reports, issues briefs, and case studies on topics important to health policy leaders.
Despite evidence that primary care improves the health of populations and reduces health inequities, primary care in the United States is in a vulnerable position, according to an April 2021 report from National Academies of Science, Engineering and Medicine (NASEM) Committee on Implementing High-Quality Primary Care. The Milbank Memorial Fund and The Physicians Foundation have partnered with the Robert Graham Center to develop an annual “Health of US Primary Care Scorecard” to measure the implementation of high-quality primary care and inform national and state policy. See the Advisory Committee members, who informed measure selection and review the findings. Read the first Scorecard report and view the data dashboard.
The Milbank Memorial Fund is a foundation that works to improve population health and health equity.
At the Milbank Memorial Fund, we’re committed to improving population health. Our email updates will keep you informed about topics that state health policymakers have identified as important to their work, particularly issues related to primary care, aging, and total costs of care. You’ll also find out about the latest studies and commentaries published in The Milbank Quarterly, the leading, multi-disciplinary health policy journal we publish. As you’ll see, our work embodies our commitment to objectivity, community, sustainability, and leadership. Thank you for joining us as we work together to improve the health of populations. If you are a reporter and have a media inquiry, please email Communications Director Christine Haran at charan@milbank.org or call 212-355-8400.
September 2002 (Volume 80)
Quarterly Article
Sep 14, 2026
Sep 9, 2026
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John Z. Ayanian is an associate professor of medicine and health care policy at Harvard Medical School and a practicing internist at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston, where he sees patients, teaches medical residents, and directs the General Internal Medicine Fellowship. His research focuses on access to care, quality of care, and outcomes of major medical conditions, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, and end-stage renal disease. He has studied differences in care by patient gender, race, and insurance coverage and by physician specialty and hospital volume and teaching status.
David Blumenthal is director of the Institute for Health Policy, Massachusetts General Hospital/Partners HealthCare System in Boston, and professor of medicine and of health care policy at Harvard Medical School. He is also director of the Harvard University Interfaculty Program on Health Systems Improvement. His interests include the future of academic health centers, relationships between academia and industry, physician behavior, and the organization and financing of primary care.
Neal Halfon is a professor in the Schools of Medicine and Public Health at the University of California, Los Angeles, and director of the UCLA Center for Healthier Children, Families and Communities. He is also a member of the Board on Children, Youth, and Families of the National Research Council and Institute of Medicine. His primary research interests include developmental services to young children, access to care, and delivery of health services to children with special health care needs. He is editor of Child Rearing in America: Challenges Facing Families with Young Children (Cambridge University Press, 2002). He also co-chairs the Health Services Workgroup for the planned National Children’s Study of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.
Miles Hochstein is assistant director of the National Center for Infancy and Early Childhood Health Policy at the University of California, Los Angeles. His recent research has explored the education and counseling of parents in pediatric office settings. He is currently studying the use of information systems by social welfare, health, and educational organizations to support human development. He maintains a particular interest in the study of “alternative” nonviolent approaches to education and human development with an emphasis on social conflict resolution and parent involvement.
C. Montagne is the pseudonym of a professor of economics at a large public university. His research interests include health care costs under managed care and cost-benefit analyses of substance abuse treatment. By agreement with the editor, neither he nor his institution is being identified in light of the confidential nature of the contractual negotiations discussed in his article.
Toni Terling Watt is an assistant professor of sociology at Southwest Texas State University in San Marcos, Texas. Her research focuses on child and adolescent health, with an emphasis on evaluation of policies and programs for children and youth. Recent publications address issues such as child abuse and neglect and the efficacy of child protection, race and gender differences in adolescent suicide, and long-term effects of parental substance abuse on children.
Joel S. Weissman is an assistant professor at the Institute for Health Policy, Harvard Medical School/Massachusets General Hospital in Boston. His main research interests lie in the areas of health care financing, the effects of competition on health system behavior, access to care, and measurement issues associated with access, quality of care, and risk adjustment. For the last six years he has served as project director for the Commonwealth Fund Task Force on Academic Health Centers. In addition, he is leading research projects on the relation of hospital crowding to medical errors, the public health effects of direct-to-consumer advertising of prescription drugs, and how hospitals are progressing in their efforts to disclose medical errors to patients.
Esther I. Wilder is assistant professor in the Department of Sociology and Social Work at Lehman College, City University of New York. Her research focuses on disability, access to health care, adolescent reproductive behavior, and fertility and contraceptive use. She is currently completing an in-depth study of social adjustment among individuals with spinal cord injury.
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Volume 80, Issue 3 (pages 595–596) DOI: 10.1111/1468-0009.00024 Published in 2002