The Fund supports networks of state health policy decision makers to help identify, inspire, and inform policy leaders.
The Milbank Memorial Fund supports two state leadership programs for legislative and executive branch state government officials committed to improving population health.
The Fund identifies and shares policy ideas and analysis to advance state health leadership, strong primary care, and sustainable health care costs.
Keep up with news and updates from the Milbank Memorial Fund. And read the latest blogs from our thought leaders, including Fund President Christopher F. Koller.
The Fund publishes The Milbank Quarterly, as well as reports, issues briefs, and case studies on topics important to health policy leaders.
The Milbank Memorial Fund is is a foundation that works to improve population health and health equity.
December 1987 (Volume 65)
Quarterly Article
James A. Hester
Annemarie Wouters
Norman Wright
March 2024
Mar 11, 2024
Feb 27, 2024
Back to The Milbank Quarterly
Preferred provider organizations (PPOs) have emerged as a new approach to organizing health care services; the promise of melding the primary strengths of indemnity insurance with HMO plans was rapidly embraced. The performance of PPOs has not yet been measured critically, despite their growth to over 250 plans. A single, large case study of PPO design and performance is examined, revealing a mixed but hopeful picture of administrative challenges, physician response, patient use patterns, and cost reductions. PPOs offer fertile ground for future research.
Author(s): James A. Hester; Annemarie Wouters; Norman Wright
Download the Article
Read on JSTOR
Volume 65, Issue 4 (pages 575–613) Published in 1987
