¹ The Gini coefficient is a common measure of income inequality. It can be conceptualized as a measure of the average difference between all pairs of incomes in a population (Sen 1973). The Gini coefficient has a minimum value of 0 when everyone has the same income (complete equality), and it has a maximum value of 1 when a single individual or household receives all of the income in the population (complete inequality).[Return to Text]