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September 1980 (Volume 58)
Quarterly Article
Albert O. Hirschman
Sep 23, 2026
Sep 22, 2026
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Three years after publication of Exit, Voice, and Loyalty: Responses to Decline in Firms, Organizations, and States, Professor Hirschman was called upon to extend his consideration of uses of economic modes of reasoning to dissect political phenomena. The exit-voice framework is extended in connection with the search for optimal ways of organizing public services-from the State itself to day care, to the British National Health Service. These little-known further reflections are reprinted as a service to the increasing number of students of exit-voice themes in health services.
Author(s): Albert O. Hirschman
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Volume 58, Issue 3 (pages 430–453) Published in 1980