Intern and Resident Organizations in the United States: 1934-1977

Hospital house staff movements for collective bargaining have persisted for more than 35 years. The problems addressed seem equally persistent-inadequate pay, excessive hours, poor working conditions, and low standards of training and patient care. Interns and residents continue to face the organizational handicaps of transient membership, poor funding, and apathy, yet negotiated contracts indicate limited legal successes. Improved patient care conditions are less evident than improved house staff conditions.

Author(s): Robert G. Harmon

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Volume 56, Issue 4 (pages 500–530)
Published in 1978